<p><p><figure id='attachment_1550' style='max-width:691px' class='caption alignnone'><img class="wp-image-1550 size-full" src="https://www.geoinstitute.org/sites/default/files/geotech-tools-uploads/…; alt="Photograph of equipment used to make sand compaction piles." width="691" height="919" /><figcaption class='caption-text'> Sand compaction pile construction in Southern California. Photograph from www.fudo-const.com, courtesy of Fudo Construction, Inc.</figcaption></figure></p><p>Sand compaction piles (or columns) are constructed by inserting sand into the ground through a pipe and compacting the sand by vibration, dynamic impact or static excitation to construct a compacted sand pile in soft ground. Sand compaction piles are installed by driving a pipe through the unsuitable or soft or weak layers using vibratory non-vibratory method to density loose sand and displace soft clay. The stiff column or called stiff element is formed by backfilled with good quality granular materials. Advantages include rapid construction and full support of borehole during construction. This technique is used to increase bearing capacity, prevent stability failure, and reduce settlement and liquefaction risk. This technique is applicable new embankments on unstable soils and embankment widening.</p><p>