<p><p><strong>References:<br></strong><em>Auzins and Southcott (1999)<br>Avalle (2004a,b)</em></p><p><strong>Method Summary</strong></p><p>Permeability and infiltration tests are conducted to determine the coefficient of permeability and infiltration rate of the materials, respectively. Use of in-situ Guelph permeameter is reported by Auzins and Southcott (1999) to monitor change in permeability with increasing IR passes. Avalle (2004a,b) reported use of in-situ double ring infiltrometer (described in ASTM D5126) tests to monitor change in infiltration after IR compaction. A summary of various in-situ permeability testing devices documented in the literature is provided in Table 3.<br><h3>Table 3. Summary of in-situ permeability testing devices.</h3><table class='tablepress' id='tablepress-1990'><thead><th><center>Testing Method</th><th><center>Soil Range</th><th><center>Reference</th></thead><tbody><tr><td ><center>Infiltrometer test</td><td rowspan=5 > Clays and silts (with coefficient of permeability = 10-2 to 10-8 cm/s)</td><td >QC/QA</td></tr><tr><td ><center>Double-tube test</td><td >QC/QA</td></tr><tr><td ><center>Air entry permeameter</td><td >QC/QA</td></tr><tr><td ><center>Borehole peremeameter</td><td >QC/QA</td></tr><tr><td ><center>Guelph permeameter</td><td >QC/QA</td></tr><tr><td ><center>Air permeameter</td><td >Clays and silts</td><td >QC</td></tr><tr><td ><center>Field permeability testing device</td><td > Aggregate base/subbase</td><td >QA</td></tr><tr><td ><center>Field permeameter</td><td > Aggregate base/subbase</td><td >QA</td></tr><tr><td ><center>Air permeability testing device</td><td > Aggregate base/subbase</td><td >QA</td></tr></tbody></table></p><p><strong>Accuracy and Precision</strong></p><p>(ASTM D5126) Accuracy and precision of permeability tests are difficult to quantify, but can provide a good relative measure of compaction for soil soils.</p><p><strong> </strong><strong>Adequacy of Coverage</strong></p><p>Most tests represent only shallow depths (less than 0.5 meters).</p><p><strong>Implementation Requirements </strong></p><p>Test methods that use water as permeating fluid are time consuming. They may take up to hours or days depending on the permeability of the material to attain steady state conditions to perform the tests. Test methods that use air/gas as permeating fluid are rapid tests. For example, air permeameter tests documented by White et al. (2007b) take about 30 seconds per test, but is applicable on granular materials only.</p><p><strong>General Comments </strong></p><p>Tests that take less time can be used for both QC/QA, while tests that take long time can be used for only QA.</p></p>