<p><p><strong>References:<br></strong><em>Adam and Brandl (1997)<br>Adam (1997)<br>Adam and Kopf (2000)<br>Anderegg and Kauffmann (2004)<br>Brandl and Adam (1997), Brandl (2001b)<br>Hansbo and Pramborg (1980)<br>Kröber et al. (2001)<br>NCHRP 21-09 (2010)<br>Newman and White (2008)<br>Preisig et al. (2003)<br>Samaras et al. (2001)<br>Tateyama et al. (1995)<br>Thompson and White (2007)<br>Thompson and White (2008)<br>White et al. (2007a, 2008c, 2009c, 2009d)<br>RVS 8S.02.6 (1999)<br>ISSMGE (2005)<br>Ztve StB/TP BF-StB (1994)</em></p><p><strong>Method Summary</strong></p><p>Static plate load tests involve obtaining load versus deflection curves for an initial loading and a re-loading to determine soil initial (EV1) and reload modulus (EV2). The test is conducted by increasing a static load on the soil and continuously monitoring the plate deflections. ASTM D1195-93 standard describes the test method to perform repetitive static plate load tests of soil for evaluation and design of airport and highway pavements. Some European CCC specifications (e.g., RVS 8S.02.6 1999, ISSMGE 2005, Ztve StB/TP BF-StB 1994) follow the method shown in the figure below to obtain EV1 and EV2 for subgrade, base and subbase materials.</p><p><strong>Accuracy and Precision</strong></p><p>The test is generally considered accurate. ASTM D1195-93 indicates that the precision and bias of this test method has not been determined due to the variability associated with soils</p><p><strong>Adequacy of Coverage</strong></p><p>Sufficient evaluation requires many tests. Number of tests depends on the variability observed.</p><p><strong>Implementation Requirements</strong></p><p>Special equipment is necessary to produce enough reaction force for the required applied stresses. Typically, a heavy truck or a dozer or any heavy construction equipment may be used as a reaction force. A trained field engineer is required to analyze load-deflection curves.</p><p><strong>General Comments</strong></p><p>This test method provides a direct measure of elastic modulus and can serve as a good QA tool. Encouraging results have been reported in the literature with correlations between EV1 and roller-integrated compaction measurement values. Its applicability to each of the potential application is rated below.</p></p>